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Approach to exposed areas
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Water
Water penetration is among the major prob-lem makers when it comes to concrete. Water transports subversive substances like chlorine and acids through the concrete, and therefore push valuable elements like calcium out of the concrete. (Calcium works like glue.) Water also accelerates frost dispersal and corrosion on re-inforcement armour. Controll Innerseal fills up pores and prevents water to pass and thereby the problem to arise or aggravate. |
Carbonisation and rust
Carbon dioxide (CO2) penetrates, responds to wa-ter and brakes down the concrete. The pH-value is reduced in this process. Healthy concrete contains a pH-value of approximately 13. If the value sinks to under 9,2 it will provoke a corrosion attack on rein-forcement armour, which will swell and cause cracks. Controll Innerseal prevents both carbonisa-tion and rust. |
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Frost
When there is damage and dissolution on concrete surface caused by frost, you will find the source in water expanding in-side the concrete pores and pockets. When water freezes it di-lates approximately 9 %, which is more stress than most con-crete can handle. The same stress increases when water freezes and melts over and over again. If you also salt is added, the de-manded volume is doubled. The result is further damage, disso-lution and cracks. Because Controll Innerseal fills pores and pockets water penetration is stopped. Ice covers the concrete surface and therefore prevents damage inside the concrete. |
Cracks
Small cracks in concrete are highly exposed to problems, both chemically and mechanically. Controll Innerseal works effectively with appearances of fissure up to 2 millimetre. Larger cracks is to be treated with proper expertise and im-mediately added Controll Innerseal. |
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Salt flushing
Salt flushing (efflorescence) is a crystal deposit formation on concrete surfaces. These deposits are water dissolvable salts that are transported in the concrete capillary system (see picture main page), and can wander in any direction. When these salts arise to the surface, the water evapo-rates and leaves behind disfigured white spots. The more porous the concrete, the better the transportation of these salts. By blocking the cap-illary system with Controll Innerseal, the problem is effectively terminated. Controll Innerseal stops water penetration and salt flushing, also in mari-time environments. |
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Alkali - Short definition
Alkali is a combination of several ele-ments (hydrogen, lithium, sodium, po-tassium, rubidium, and caesium). These substances are all eager to react with other elements, especially sodium and potassium. You find them both in the crust of the earth (sodium 2,5 % - potassium 2,6 %). However, since they are always in combination with other elements they are hard to spot. None of these elements can appear sepa-rately in ear and moist. Alkalis are re-solvable in water, unstable and form salts. |
Alkali problems with concrete
Concrete that are in direct soil contact makes it even more important to under-stand the connection between alkali and moist, and thereby also understand why problems with paint, cracks , "white spots", smell, mould, etc. develops. ”The Alkali problem" is primarily a moist issue. Alkali is present in all concrete, but will not show damage evidence without contact with water. If the concrete is in direct contact with soil or any other exposure to moisture, and there is not efficient ven-tilation to dry the concrete, moist is brought through the concrete by the capillary system. Moisture develops alkali-problems on the way and also brings them to the surface. It crystallises and presents self like desquamation and salt flushes. Even though the level of moisture and alkali is variable, there are enough moisture in soil and air for the alkali to react. Even concrete that seems dry has shown to store moist underneath paint and covers. You can often spot this as air pockets, desquamation and watermarks by visual inspection.
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Acidic rain
Airborne pollution is one of the largest sources of deteriora-tion on concrete. Sulphuric dioxide in the air is adapted in rainwater and creates sulphuric acid. The sulphuric acid re-acts with calcium ingredients in the concrete and is trans-formed into Calcium sulphate, which develops a thin pellicle on the concrete surface. Behind this film calcium sulphate is crystallising, pulverising the concrete and causes pealing and "depressions". Controll Innerseal fills pores and pockets in concrete and prevents acidic rain to penetrate. |
Paint
There are several reasons for bad paint quality on concrete:
- Immediate addition of water/moist before, during and after painting is the most common reason. The concrete may be wet on the in-side, even if it seems dry on the outside.
- The surface appears soft and loose. This cre-ates a surface quality that will reject all types of paint.
- Poor preparation. There can be traces of oil, pollution (traffic film), paint wax, salt and moist.
- The surface is too slippery to give hold for paint.
Our experience is that it is mainly moisture on its way out of the concrete that causes prob-lems. The moisture brings along alkali and cal-cium to the surface and creates a reaction to paint adhesion, causes cracks, bubbles and desquamation.
Oil and acrylic paint is not maid to penetrate and seal within concrete in the same manor as Controll Innerseal. The best result will be achieved only when paint is used as topcoat after applying Controll Innerseal. The product is a splendid connection for all types of further surface treatment.
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Picture Gallery: Different problem solutions
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